保持身心健康的英语作文100词
要想长久都能够写英语作文，平时就要通过运动和冥想保持自己身心健康。下面是本站小编给大家整理了心健康英语作文，供大家参阅!
How to keep middle school students physical and mental health
As far as I am concerned,we students should balance our physical exercise and as a saying goes:“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy,” without a sound body,one cannot achieve ver,too much attention has been paid only to efore,I suggest we be given less homework and more time for out-of-classroom activities to solve all the in this way can we have a happy and healthy life.
如何保持中学生身心健康
就我而言,我们学生应该平衡锻炼和学习两者之间的关系,就像俗语所说“只顾工作不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻.”没有一个健康的身体,人就不能获得成功.然而我们更多的精力都被放在了学习上,因此,我建议为了解决所有的问题,我们应该少做些作业,这样才能有更多的时间进行课外活动.只有通过这种方式,我们才能享有健康快乐的生活.
祝开心
保持身心健康的英语作文篇2Good habits are good for the y morning we'd better get up early and do morning exercises before having ng a walk after supper is also is not good to watch TV too long and go to bed too try to have more sports in our spare time instead of staying at ng too much at meal is bad for our health, shouldn't eat junk should eat enough fruit and 's very important to keep healthy.I think we should have healthy diet every day and eat proper shouldn't eat junk food because it is bad for our k water and milk as often as is a great drink that can give us more calcium that make our bones much 't eat too much because it will make you.uncomfortable and 't spend too much time watching TV,DVDs and Videos or using 's good to take more exercise such as basketball,bike riding ,swimming and so ow these and you can be healthy.
好习惯是健康好.我们每天早上我早早起床,做早操吃早饭之前.晚饭后散步也很重要.看电视太长,太晚睡觉,这是不好的.所以要有更多的运动在我们的空闲时间,而不是呆在家里.在用膳吃太多对我们的健康不好,太.我们不应该吃垃圾食品.我们应该多吃水果和蔬菜.保持健康是很重要的.我认为我们应该有健康的饮食,每天吃适当的食物.我们不应该吃垃圾食品,因为它对我们的健康有害.喝的水和牛奶尽可能经常.牛奶是一种有益的饮料,可以给我们更多的钙,使我们的骨骼强壮多了.不要吃得太多,因为它会使你感到不舒服和脂肪.不要花太多时间看电视,DVD和视频或使用电脑.它的好,多做运动比如篮球,骑自行车,游泳等.遵循这些和你能健康.
保持身心健康的英语作文篇3How to keep fit
We all know that the health of our important,but fo you know how to keep fit
Want to keep fit,we‘ll have plenty of sleep,eat the fruit and vegetable and drink of water every day,these are good for health.
Want to keep fit,we mustn’t go to work without to keep fit,we must goto bed early and get up early.
Want to keep fit,we must have healthy habits.
翻译：
如何保持健康?
我们都知道健康对我们的重要,但是你知道如何保持健康吗?
想保持健康,我们需要有充足的睡眠,吃需要的水果和蔬菜,每天喝大量的水,这些对健康都是有益的.
想保持健康,我们不能不吃早餐去工作.想保持健康,我们必须早睡早起.
想保持健康,我们一定要有健康的习惯.
》》》》下一页更多精彩“身心健康怎样保持英语作文” 保持身心健康的英语作文篇4be aware of mental health
No word limit?!at least give some details...
Lately a research(编的) found there's an unstoppable increasing trend showing city folks are suffering from mental al problems are often hard to detect and sadly,a lot of people rejects to see a psychologist to check their current mental status because they feel embarassed to do so.
We should be always alarmed and aware of it,because memtal probmems grows in your mind over time,a person who suffers from psychological problems may behave normal to the person next to him,or he could not even tell he's actually mentally toms could be over paranoid,anxiety,crying because of no reason and so al meltdown and/or psychological problems can be more easily detected when the situation gets efore it its important to realise the seriousness of this invisible disease and take a good care of your own mental health —— Dont leave it to the last minute when noting could be done to improve mental illness when the worst situation comes
保持身心健康的英语作文篇5A growing number of expers claim that it’s extremely improtant to improve the college students’ mental point out that keeping mental health contributes to have a good life in the future.
There are several methods to improve mental the school part,in the first place,psychology courses should be taken in the such courses,let students understand the denifition of the mental health,the importance of mental health,and how to improve and keep the mental the second place,the teachers should learn how to help students to improve and keep mental hers are the good examples of the the third place,schools may train mental consultants who can help students to solve or ease the mental problems,can contribute to improve and keep students’ mental health.
保持身心健康的英语作文篇6Health is defined as a condition of physical,mental and social well being and the absence of disease or other abnorman is not a static condition; constant change and adaptation to stress result in states of health or disease are the expressions of the success or failure experienced by the organism in its efforts to respond adaptively to environmental rding to the World Health Organization (WHO) there are three components of health that need to be addressed including a person's physical,mental and social well being.I define health as the best possible physical and mental state that an individual is able to someone has an illness or disease process their best possible state of health is going to in turn be lower than that of a "normally" healthy person who has had no previous disease process or illness to deal issue of health is looked at differently by many different people mainly dependent on their own personal e I feel that the way we are able to promote our own health is largely dependent on our motivation to succeed in attaining our health ways that we are able to do this are through the promotion of healthy living with health maintenance e are practices that a person incorporates into his/her lifestyle to promote healthy uded in the list of health maintenance activities are:Sleep Diet Exercise Stress management Use of safety devices Health check-ups
保持身心健康的英语作文篇7healthy lifestyle and communicating well with others can help us grow uphealthily.参考范文：Growing Up HeathilyGrowing up heathily is our y one of us should try our best to keepourselves t of all,keep a balanced should eat a lot of vegetables and fruitevery ’t eat junk k water instead of ndly,get enough sleep and enough y to bed and early torise help a lot to our to sleep eight or nine hours every toexercise every day or at least two or three times a week and relax ourselvesby listening to light des the physical health,we also need should try to getalong well with people around can share our problems and happiness we should often communicate with our parents and unication plays an important part in our life.A healthy lifestyle and communicating well with others can help us grow uphealthily.
保持身心健康的英语作文篇8It is necessary to keep a balanced diet if you want to keep 'd better eat enough vegatables which contain rich vitamin,proper meat is needed,d fried or toasted is important to do regular exercises,such as running or playing ing high mood is good for mentally should renew our spirits and release our stress,so that we can have a good attitude towards enjoy our beautiful life,we must be bound to keep healthy.
如果想保持健康,均衡的饮食很重要.你最好吃足够的蔬菜,因为它包含丰富的维生素.适量的肉类也是需要的.避免油炸和烤制食品.有规律地做一些运动也很重要,比如说跑步或者打打羽毛球.保持好的情绪对心理健康很重要.我们应该有新的思想,而且要释放压力,这样我们才能对生活有一个好的态度.为了享受美好生活,我们必须保持健康.
》》》》下一页更多精彩“身心健康怎样保持英语作文” 保持身心健康的英语作文篇9President Barack Obama didn't act like a typicalpresident when he took a break from running thecountry to hang out with Jerry Seinfeld, driving aCorvette and drinking coffee. And Obama admittedthat he doesn't always sound presidential either. Theleader of the United States, it seems, is a fan ofswearing. He told Seinfeld:
当美国总统巴拉克·奥巴马在不理国政的空档同杰瑞·宋飞开着游艇喝着咖啡的时候，他的言谈举止并不像一般的总统那样。而且，奥巴马自己也承认自己有时说话并不像一个总统。貌似这位美国领导人喜欢咒骂。他这样对宋飞说：
"I curse. I curse. …Bad stuff, or stupid stuff, is happening constantly, right? valuable."
"我就骂了!就骂了!但生活中常会有些糟糕的、愚蠢的事情发生，不是吗?值呀!"
Though the prim and proper may frown upon this language from a head of state, profanitiesare a healthy part of our lexicon. And plenty of studies have found that the odd bit of swearingcan in fact be very good for you.
可能这话从一国元首口中说出来有失妥帖，但脏话是我们日常用语中司空见惯正常的一部分。而且，多项研究也发现：骂人实际上非常有益身心健康。
In 2009, psychologists from Keele University in the UK found that swearing can even helprelieve pain. Some 67 participants were asked to keep their hands submerged in ice cold wateras along as possible, either repeating a swear word or a neutral word over and over. Thosewho were swearing were able to keep their hand submerged for longer, and also reportedfeeling less pain.
2009年，一群英国基尔大学的心理学家发现：骂人甚至有助于减缓疼痛。研究中，67名调研者被要求在尽可能长的时间里将自己的手浸泡在冰水中，有些人要求一直重复骂人的话而另一部分人则要求重复平实的话语。研究结果显示，说脏话的人把手泡在水里的时间更长，且更不觉得痛。
Timothy Jay, a psychologist at the Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts who has studiedcursing for 35 years, says profanities are an irreplaceable form of expression.
麻省理工学院心理学家蒂莫西·杰研究说脏话35年，他称：脏话是一种不可替代的表达形式。
Monika Bednarek, senior lecturer in linguistics at the University of Sydney, has catalogued thenumber of profanities in the most popular US TV (there are a lot), and agrees that swearing isimportant in social situations.
悉尼大学语言学高级讲师莫妮卡·贝德纳雷克在一档美国最受欢迎的电视节目中将脏话分类(多到想不到)，并同意说脏话在社交中起重要作用这一观点。
保持身心健康的英语作文篇10Are sunny skies overhead the key to a sunny disposition? New research from the United ArabEmirates shows a strong link between positive moods and time spent outdoors in sunlight。
我们头顶的晴空是否能助我们获得一个阳光的心情?阿联酋最近的一项研究给出了肯定的回答，正能量与多晒太阳有着很大的关系呢。
"This is just a pilot study and we need larger sample size but we found that behavioral changeis associated with mood change and vitamin D status," study co-author Dr. Fatme Al Anouti, anassistant professor in Zayed University's college of sustainability sciences and humanities, toldThe Huffington Post in an email. "So participants who adopted a more outdoor lifestyle gotbetter in terms of mood and vitamin D status."
“这只是初次研究，我们需要更大的样本。不过我们的确发现心情变化与体内维生素D的含量有关。”本项研究的作者之一 Dr. Fatme Al Anouti 说，他是萨义德大学可持续性自然与人文学院的教授。Dr. Fatme Al Anouti在一封 email 中告知赫芬顿邮报，“研究参与者中，热衷户外运动的人心情比较好，维生素D的含量也更高。”
For the study, researchers identified 20 individuals with depressive symptoms and low bloodlevels of vitamin D from a group of more than 100 people. Some of these individuals wereencouraged to spend more time in the sun for seven weeks while others were encouragedsimply to see a doctor, Abu Dhabi-based newspaper The National reported。
根据总部在阿布扎比的 The National 报报道，在这项调查中，调查者从100名参与者中选出了20名有抑郁症状和维生素D含量较低的人。这20人中，一部分鼓励他们在未来的七个星期里多晒太阳，另一部分则只让他们去看医生。
What did the researchers find? The individuals who were encouraged to get more sun "showedless symptoms of depression," Dr. Al Anouti told The National. "In this study we showed thatif you improve your vitamin D level, you will improve your mood."
研究者们发现了什么呢?那些被鼓励多晒太阳的人“表现出更少的抑郁症状，” Dr. Al Anouti told 告诉 TheNational 报纸，“这项研究表明如果你提高体内维生素D的含量，你的心情就会变好。”
Psychologist Dr. Michael Terman, professor at Columbia University and author of the book"Reset Your Inner Clock," told The Huffington Post in an email that this new research implies theantidepressant benefit comes from exposure to ultraviolet rays that act on the skin tostimulate vitamin D production。
哥伦比亚大学教授、《重置你的生物钟》一书的作者、心理学家 Dr. Michael Terman 通过 email 告诉赫芬顿邮报，这项新研究说明：阳光能有抗抑郁的效果，是因为紫外线照射皮肤刺激了维生素D的产出。
But another factor may be at play。
不过另一个因素也可能影响着实验结果。
"The primary antidepressant effect of light must lie in the visible range," he noted. "So theZayed subjects likely showed improved mood because of increased retinal light exposure ratherthan increased skin exposure to UV in sunlight."
“阳光的抗抑郁效果必须是在有可见光的情况下才有用。”他注意到，“萨义德研究中的参与者的情绪好转，可能是因为视网膜接收到了阳光，而不是因为皮肤接收了阳光中的紫外线。”
This new study is not the first to suggest a link between mood and vitamin D levels. A 2006study linked vitamin D deficiency in older adults with lower moods. More recently, research atthe Loyola University Chicago Niehoff School of Nursing showed that vitamin D supplementsimproved the moods of women with type 2 diabetes and signs of depression。
这项研究并不是第一项指出情绪与维生素D有联系的研究。一项2006年的研究显示，心情不好的老年人通常缺少维生素D。洛约拉大学护理学院最近的一项研究表明，补充维生素D可以使有抑郁症状和Ⅱ型糖尿病的女性情绪好转。
》》》》下一页更多精彩“身心健康怎样保持英语作文” 保持身心健康的英语作文篇11Our emotional world has a remarkable power to determine not only our mental health, but also how our physical well-being.
我们的情感世界有一种强大的力量，不仅决定我们的精神健康，还决定我们的身体健康。
Here are five positive emotions that have been shown to improve physical health and prevent disease.
以下这5种积极的情绪都表明能改善身体健康，预防疾病。
Optimism may protect the heart.
乐观能保护心脏。
A growing body of research has suggested that cultivating this quality can have a protective effect on the heart. According to a 2012 review of literature, a number of studies have shown that people with optimistic personalities are at a reduced risk of cardiovascular events. Optimism's benefits for physical health also extend beyond heart health. Here are a few other ways that a sunny disposition may improve health outcomes, including improved immune system function and increased longevity.
越来越多的身体方面的研究表明，培养乐观的心态对心脏有保护作用。回顾2012年的文献，很多研究都表明具有乐观性格的人患心血管疾病的风险降低了。乐观对身体健康的好处也不仅限于心脏健康，开朗的性情能改善几种健康状况，包括提高免疫机能，延长寿命。
Experiencing awe reduces inflammatory markers associated with autoimmune disease.
敬畏的心态能有助于减少与自身免疫疾病有关的炎症因子。
Research has shown that experiences of art, religion and philosophy are the most common experiences that evoke a sense of awe -- that sense of wonder and connection to something larger than ourselves.
研究表明，艺术、宗教和哲学的体验是最常见的能唤起敬畏感的体验——也就是惊奇感和与比自己更强大的事物的联系。
According to new research from the University of California at Berkeley, awe is not only pleasurable but also enormously beneficial for one's physical and mental health. The Berkeley study found that those who had recently experienced awe had lower levels of cytokines, inflammatory markers that, in chronically high levels, have been implicated in the development of autoimmune diseases, as well as other health problems including heart disease, Alzheimer's and depression. This suggests that awe promotes healthier levels of cytokines and may prevent disease.
根据加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校的新研究，敬畏不仅使人身心舒畅，而且对人的身心健康大有裨益。伯克利的这项研究发现，近期产生过敬畏心理的人细胞生长抑制素，也就是炎症因子的水平更低，炎症因子水平长期较高的话，就会造成自身免疫疾病和其他健康问题，包括心脏病、阿兹海默症和抑郁症。这表明敬畏可以促使细胞生长抑制素达到更健康的水平，以及预防疾病。
Compassion and care for others can improve vagus nerve function.
同情关心别人能改善迷走神经功能。
Positive psychologist Barbara Frederickson has conducted research on the effects of lovingkindness meditation (LKM), a traditional Buddhist practice that involves meditating on love and extending compassion to oneself and a progressively large group of others. Frederickson found just six weeks of LKM training to have a positive impact on the vagus nerve, which extends from the brain stem to the heart, helping to regulate emotions as well as bodily systems including the cardiovascular and digestive systems.
积极心理学家巴巴拉•弗雷德里克森研究了仁爱冥想(LKM)的效果,这是一种传统的佛教练习，是对爱的冥想，把同情延伸到自己身上，再逐渐扩展到更多其他人身上。弗雷德里克森发现仅6周的仁爱冥想训练就对迷走神经有积极影响，能从脑干传到心脏，有助于调节情绪和包括心血管和消化系统在内的身体系统。
感恩也有利于心脏健康和免疫系统功能。
Like optimism, an "attitude of gratitude" -- an appreciation and feeling of thankfulness for the blessings one has in life -- carries significant mental and physical health benefits. Gratefulness, like optimism, has been linked with improved immune health, and has also been shown to improve sleep quality. Gratitude may also improve health and well-being in a variety of waysinsofar as it lowers stress levels -- stress being one of the main contributing factors to many chronic diseases.
像乐观的心态一样，“感恩的态度”——对生活中所拥有的眷顾的欣赏和感谢——对身心健康大有好处。感恩像乐观一样，可以改善免疫系统健康，也表明能提高睡眠质量。感恩还能在很多方面改善健康和幸福，因为它能帮助减压——压力是导致很多慢性病的主要因素之一。
Self-compassion improves health-related behaviors.
自我怜悯有助于改善与健康有关的行为。
People who cultivate kindness towards themselves are also kinder to their bodies, potentially helping them to prevent or manage a range of negative physical and mental health outcomes. A 2013 study published in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin examined the relationship between self-compassion, reactions to illness, and a range of health-related behaviors, finding that self-compassionate people sought medical attention sooner for symptoms that they were experiencing than people who were lacking in self-compassion. Self-compassionate people also tended to be less depressed about health problems they were experiencing, and also to take a more proactive approach towards their own health.
对自己仁慈的人对自己的身体更仁慈，对预防或控制一系列消极的身心健康状况有潜在的帮助。2013年刊登在《个性与社会心理学公报》的一项研究测试了自我怜悯、对疾病的反应和一系列与健康有关的行为之间的关系，发现自我怜悯的人出现病症时会比缺乏自我怜悯的人更早地去看医生。自我怜悯的人对正遭受的健康问题也不那么沮丧，也会更积极地面对自己的健康。
保持身心健康的英语作文篇12Recently, more and more people stay at home watching TV and surfing the Internet, which leads to obesity and even get serious illness.
最近，越来越多的人呆在家里看电视、上网，所以导致肥胖甚至更严重的疾病。
This is no doubt that sport is good for our health. A person who takes exercises regularly will keep fit. What’s more, exercise can make you well-behaved and confident. If you usually take exercise with your friends, you will be close to them. After all, sports can make your life more colorful.
毫无疑问，运动对我们的健康有好处。人经常运动可以保持身体健康。更重要的是，运动可以使你表现得自信。如果你经常和你的朋友锻炼，你们之间的关系会更加紧密。毕竟，运动可以使你的生活更加丰富多彩。
Nothing is more important than doing sports. It's time to take actions to stay away from the TV and computer and to take part in sport activities.
没有什么比运动更重要。是时候采取行动远离电视，电脑和参加体育活动了。
保持身心健康的英语作文篇13Not long after moving to the University of Southampton, Constantine Sedikides had lunch with a colleague in the psychology department and described some unusual symptoms he'd been feeling. A few times a week, he was suddenly hit with nostalgia for his previous home at the University of North Carolina: memories of old friends, Tar Heel basketball games, fried okra, the sweet smells of autumn in Chapel Hill.
搬到英国南安普顿大学之后(University of Southampton)不久的一天，康斯坦丁·斯蒂基特(Constantine Sedikides)和一个心理学系的同事共进午餐，讨论他最近一些不同寻常的感觉：每周里总有那么些时间，他会突然被怀旧之情所击中，想念他之前在美国北卡罗来纳州立大学(University of North Carolina)的家、老朋友、大学著名的Tar Heel篮球队的比赛、炸秋葵，还有教堂山城中秋天甜美的气息。
His colleague, a clinical psychologist, made an immediate diagnosis. He must be depressed. Why else live in the past? Nostalgia had been considered a disorder ever since the term was coined by a 17th-century Swiss physician who attributed soldiers' mental and physical maladies to their longing to return home — nostos in Greek, and the accompanying pain, algos.
斯蒂基特的同事是一位临床心理学家。他迅速给斯蒂基特做了个诊断：一定是抑郁症。还有什么其他原因会让你沉浸在过去呢?自从17世纪的瑞士医生发明“怀旧”这个单词以来，怀旧一直被认为是一种心理紊乱。这位瑞士医生将士兵们的精神与身体疾病都归咎于他们急切回家的心理，这在希腊语中被称为nostos——“怀旧”的英文单词nostagia的前半部分词根。而后半部分词根的algos，则意为“随之而来的痛苦”。
But Dr. Sedikides didn't want to return to any home — not to Chapel Hill, not to his native Greece — and he insisted to his lunch companion that he wasn't in pain.
但斯蒂基特博士并不想回家——至少不是美国教堂山的家，也不是他的老家希腊。他坚持己见，告诉他的同事：他并没有痛苦的感觉。
"I told him I did live my life forward, but sometimes I couldn't help thinking about the past, and it was rewarding," he says. "Nostalgia made me feel that my life had roots and continuity. It made me feel good about myself and my relationships. It provided a texture to my life and gave me strength to move forward."
“我告诉他我是一个向前看的人。有时我确实忍不住会怀念过往，但这是有好处的。”他说，“怀旧让我觉得生活有根源与连续性。它让我喜欢自己和身边的人，将我的生活历程编织理顺，给我前进的勇气。”
The colleague remained skeptical, but ultimately Dr. Sedikides prevailed. That lunch in 1999 inspired him to pioneer a field that today includes dozens of researchers around the world using tools developed at his social-psychology laboratory, including a questionnaire called the Southampton Nostalgia Scale. After a decade of study, nostalgia isn't what it used to be — it's looking a lot better.
他的同事还是表示怀疑，但最终斯蒂基特博士赢得了辩论。1999年的这顿午餐给予他启发，使他开创了一个新领域。他在其社会心理学实验室里研制了一套工具，包括一个叫“南安普顿怀旧量表”的调查问卷，如今世界上许多研究者依然在使用这些工具进行研究。经过十余年的研究后，怀旧已经不像人们当年所想的那样糟糕，它的形象变得好多了。
Nostalgia has been shown to counteract loneliness, boredom and anxiety. It makes people more generous to strangers and more tolerant of outsiders. Couples feel closer and look happier when they're sharing nostalgic memories. On cold days, or in cold rooms, people use nostalgia to literally feel warmer.
从研究结果看来，怀旧可以减少孤独、无聊与焦虑。它让人们对陌生人更加慷慨，对外人更加容忍。当夫妻们拥有共同的怀旧记忆，他们会感觉更亲密快乐。在寒冷的房间里，怀旧会使人们感觉温暖。
Nostalgia does have its painful side — it's a bittersweet emotion — but the net effect is to make life seem more meaningful and death less frightening. When people speak wistfully of the past, they typically become more optimistic and inspired about the future.
怀旧确实也有痛苦的一面。这是一个苦中带甜的体验，但将利弊权衡来看，怀旧依然能让生活显得更加有意义，让死亡感觉不那么可怕。当人们无限依恋地谈论着过往时，他们通常会对未来更加乐观与富有信心。
"Nostalgia makes us a bit more human," Dr. Sedikides says. He considers the first great nostalgist to be Odysseus, an itinerant who used memories of his family and home to get through hard times, but Dr. Sedikides emphasizes that nostalgia is not the same as homesickness. It's not just for those away from home, and it's not a sickness, despite its historical reputation.
“怀旧使我们更人性。”斯蒂基特博士说。他认为第一个伟大的怀旧者是奥德修斯(Odysseus，《荷马史诗》中的希腊伊卡岛王，流浪十年终回故土与亲人团聚——译注)，曾用亲人与家庭的回忆以支撑他度过痛苦的岁月。但斯蒂基特博士强调，怀旧并不等同于思乡病，它并不只作用于离家的游子。即使其历史声誉不良，怀旧也不是一种病。
Nostalgia was originally described as a "neurological disease of essentially demonic cause" by Johannes Hoffer, the Swiss doctor who coined the term in 1688. Military physicians speculated that its prevalence among Swiss mercenaries abroad was due to earlier damage to the soldiers' ear drums and brain cells by the unremitting clanging of cowbells in the Alps.
约翰森·贺佛尔(Johannes Hoffer)，那个最初在1688年发明“怀旧”单词的瑞士医生，将它定义为“可导致器质恶性疾病的神经系统疾病”。军队医生们猜测，派驻外国的瑞士雇佣兵中无比流行的怀旧病，是因为他们的耳膜与脑细胞有过早期损伤。受伤的来源则是阿尔卑斯山上永不停息的声声牛铃叮当。
A Universal Feeling
同样的感受
In the 19th and 20th centuries nostalgia was variously classified as an "immigrant psychosis," a form of "melancholia" and a "mentally repressive compulsive disorder" among other pathologies. But when Dr. Sedikides, Tim Wildschut and other psychologists at Southampton began studying nostalgia, they found it to be common around the world, including in children as young as 7 (who look back fondly on birthdays and vacations).
19到20世纪时，怀旧曾被归于“移民精神疾病”、“抑郁症中的一种”、”脑部压抑强迫症”等各种疾病里。但当南安普顿大学的斯蒂基特博士、提姆·维尔德舒特(Tim Wildschut)与其他心理学家开始研究怀旧后，他们发现这在世界范围内是一个很正常的现象，甚至年幼如7岁的孩子们，就已经有怀旧现象(他们会愉快地怀念生日与假期)。
"The defining features of nostalgia in England are also the defining features in Africa and South America," Dr. Wildschut says. The topics are universal — reminiscences about friends and family members, holidays, weddings, songs, sunsets, lakes. The stories tend to feature the self as the protagonist surrounded by close friends.
“英国对怀旧特征的定义，和在非洲与南美是相同的。”维尔德舒特说。它们拥有共同的主题，如对朋友家人、假期、婚礼、歌曲、落日、湖泊等的怀念。每个故事里都倾向将自己定义为主角，有亲密朋友环绕四周。
Most people report experiencing nostalgia at least once a week, and nearly half experience it three or four times a week. These reported bouts are often touched off by negative events and feelings of loneliness, but people say the "nostalgizing" — researchers distinguish it from reminiscing — helps them feel better.
大部分人称每周内至少会经历一次怀旧感受，而几乎一半人每周会有3至4次怀旧体验。研究者们将“怀旧”与“思乡”加以区别，怀旧情绪通常由消极事件与孤独感受唤起。但人们说，怀旧能帮助他们情绪变好。
To test these effects in the laboratory, researchers at Southampton induced negative moods by having people read about a deadly disaster and take a personality test that supposedly revealed them to be exceptionally lonely. Sure enough, the people depressed about the disaster victims or worried about being lonely became more likely to wax nostalgic. And the strategy worked: They subsequently felt less depressed and less lonely.
南安普顿的研究者们也在实验室里测试了这些影响。他们让人们阅读一篇描述致命事故的文章，另外用性格测试找出那些有极度孤独情绪的受试者。果不其然，那些为事故受害者伤心的人与害怕孤独的人们，相比而言更容易沾染上怀旧情绪。而怀旧确实有所作用：他们会感觉并不那么抑郁与孤单了。
Nostalgic stories aren't simple exercises in cheeriness, though. The memories aren't all happy, and even the joys are mixed with a wistful sense of loss. But on the whole, the positive elements greatly outnumber the negative elements, as the Southampton researchers found by methodically analyzing stories collected in the laboratory as well as in a magazine named Nostalgia.
但这些怀旧的体验并不只有积极的一面。我们的回忆里并不全是笑声。而回忆带给我们的欢乐中，也总掺杂着若有所失的怅惘。但总体而言，怀旧的益处还是大大超越其害处。南安普顿的研究者们进行了系统分析，他们在实验室中采集数据，还分析了一本叫《怀旧》(Nostalgia)的杂志中刊登的故事，得到这一结论。
"Nostalgic stories often start badly, with some kind of problem, but then they tend to end well, thanks to help from someone close to you," Dr. Sedikides says. "So you end up with a stronger feeling of belonging and affiliation, and you become more generous toward others."
“怀旧的故事通常有很不好的开头，一般都带着一些问题，但它们总能有个好的结局，因为有亲近的人给予你帮助，”斯蒂基特博士说，“所以你能以一种强烈的归属感结束怀旧体验，而会对他人更宽容慷慨。”
A quick way to induce nostalgia is through music, which has become a favorite tool of researchers. In an experiment in the Netherlands, Ad J. J. M. Vingerhoets of Tilburg University and colleagues found that listening to songs made people feel not only nostalgic but also warmer physically.
音乐可以很快引发怀旧，于是它成为研究者们最喜欢的工具。在荷兰蒂尔堡大学(Tilburg University)的一个实验里，研究者文格霍特(Ad J. J. M. Vingerhoets)与其同事发现，听音乐不仅可以让人怀旧，还能感觉到身体更温暖。
That warm glow was investigated in southern China by Xinyue Zhou of Sun Yat-Sen University. By tracking students over the course of a month, she and colleagues found that feelings of nostalgia were more common on cold days. The researchers also found that people in a cool room (68 degrees Fahrenheit) were more likely to nostalgize than people in warmer rooms.
在中国南方的中山大学里，周欣悦仔细探索了这种温暖效应。她和她的同事花了一个月时间追踪记录学生们，结果发现在寒冷天气里，这种怀旧情绪更为常见。研究者们也发现，当人们呆在20度的凉爽房间里时，他们比呆在暖和房间里更容易怀旧。
Not everyone in the cool room turned nostalgic during the experiment, but the ones who did reported feeling warmer. That mind-body link, Dr. Wildschut says, means that nostalgia might have had evolutionary value to our ancestors long before Odysseus.
在实验中，并不是所有呆在凉爽房间里的人都会怀旧，但那些怀旧的人确实表示感觉更温暖了。斯蒂基特博士说，这个心理与身体的联系表示，也许早在奥德修斯之前，怀旧已经对我们的祖先产生进化上的意义。
"If you can recruit a memory to maintain physiological comfort, at least subjectively, that could be an amazing and complex adaptation," he says. "It could contribute to survival by making you look for food and shelter that much longer."
“如果回忆可以至少让你自我感觉身体舒适，这都会是一种神奇并复杂的环境适应，”他说，“它让你可以坚持更长时间以寻觅食物与庇护，这有助于生存。”
Finding a Sweet Spot
寻找甜蜜的时刻
Of course, memories can also be depressing. Some researchers in the 1970s and '80s suggested that nostalgia could worsen a problem that psychologists call self-discontinuity, which is nicely defined in "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes," by Stephen Stills: "Don't let the past remind us of what we are not now." This sense of loss and dislocation has repeatedly been linked to both physical and mental ills.
当然，回忆也可能让人绝望。20世纪七八十年代的研究者们认为，怀旧可以恶化“自我中断”(self-discontinuity)这种疾病。史蒂芬·史提斯(Stephen Stills，美国歌手——译注)在《组曲：朱迪蓝色的眼睛》(Suite: Judy Blue Eyes)中准确地描述了这个问题：“不要让过去来提醒我们现在已不再如此。”这种怅然所失与情绪错位经常与身体或脑部疾病相联系。
But the feeling of discontinuity doesn't seem to be a typical result of nostalgia, according to recent studies. In fact, people tend to have a healthier sense of self-continuity if they nostalgize more frequently, as measured on the scale developed at Southampton. To understand why these memories seem reassuring, Clay Routledge of North Dakota State University and other psychologists conducted a series of experiments with English, Dutch and American adults.
但根据新近研究结果，这种自我中断的感觉并不一定是怀旧体验的结果。事实上，根据南安普顿怀旧量表问卷，如果人们增加怀旧频率，他们会倾向于拥有一种更健康的自我中断情绪。为了了解记忆令人欣慰的原因，北达科他州州立大学(North Dakota State University)的克雷·罗德里奇(Clay Routledge)与其他心理学家在英国、荷兰与美国成人中进行了一系列实验。
First, the experimenters induced nostalgia by playing hit songs from the past for some people and letting them read lyrics to their favorite songs. Afterward, these people were more likely than a control group to say that they felt "loved" and that "life is worth living."
在实验中，部分受试者先听了一些过去的流行歌曲，并读了一些他们所喜爱歌曲的歌词，使他们产生怀旧情绪。相比起对照组，这些受试者更可能感觉“被爱”与“生活有意义”。
Then the researchers tested the effect in the other direction by trying to induce existential angst. They subjected some people to an essay by a supposed Oxford philosopher who wrote that life is meaningless because any single person's contribution to the world is "paltry, pathetic and pointless." Readers of the essay became more likely to nostalgize, presumably to ward off Sartrean despair.
接着，这些研究者尝试唤起受试者的焦虑，以测试怀旧在另一个极端的作用。他们让部分受试者阅读一篇由所谓牛津哲学家写作的文章，文章里讲述因为个人对世界的作用“微不足道、悲惨与无意义”，生活只是虚无。结果表明，文章的读者们更容易产生怀旧情绪，这也许是为了驱赶这种萨特(Sartre)式的绝望。
Moreover, when some people were induced to nostalgia before reading the bleak essay, they were less likely to be convinced by it. The brief stroll down memory lane apparently made life seem worthwhile, at least to the English students in that experiment. (Whether it would work with gloomy French intellectuals remains to be determined.)
另外，如果这些被试者的怀旧情绪被唤起后，再来阅读这篇讨论人生荒凉的文章时，他们比较不容易被作者说服。至少对接受实验的英国学生们而言，在记忆隧道中流连体验能让他们认识到生活的价值。(这是否能对忧郁的法国文人起作用则有待分解。)
"Nostalgia serves a crucial existential function," Dr. Routledge says. "It brings to mind cherished experiences that assure us we are valued people who have meaningful lives. Some of our research shows that people who regularly engage in nostalgia are better at coping with concerns about death."
“怀旧对于存在感至为关键，”斯蒂基特博士说，“它唤起了珍贵的记忆，让我们相信个人的价值，觉得我们拥有有意义的生活。我们的一些研究表明，那些经常沉入怀旧情绪的人更能面对死亡这一概念。”
Feeding the Memory Bank
在记忆银行里储存
The usefulness of nostalgia seems to vary with age, according to Erica Hepper, a psychologist at the University of Surrey in England. She and her colleagues have found that nostalgia levels tend to be high among young adults, then dip in middle age and rise again during old age.
怀旧的效果似乎取决于年龄。这是英国萨里大学(University of Surrey)心理学家爱丽克·何派(Erica Hepper)的研究结果。她和同事发现，年轻人的怀旧程度相对较高，中年人程度偏低，而老年人则又重新回到较高的怀旧程度中。
"Nostalgia helps us deal with transitions," Dr. Hepper says. "The young adults are just moving away from home and or starting their first jobs, so they fall back on memories of family Christmases, pets and friends in school."
“怀旧可以帮助我们面对生活的转折期。”何派博士说，“当年轻人刚刚搬离家乡，开始他们第一份工作时，他们会沉浸于圣诞节家庭团聚、宠物和学校朋友的回忆里。”
Dr. Sedikides, now 54, still enjoys nostalgizing about Chapel Hill, although his range has expanded greatly over the past decade. He says that the years of research have inspired strategies for increasing nostalgia in his own life. One is to create more moments that will be memorable.
斯蒂基特博士现在54岁了，他依然很享受对美国教堂山城的怀旧，虽然他的怀旧范围已经在过去十年中被大大扩展了。他说，多年的研究给予他一些启发，以增加自己生活中的怀旧对象，其中一项是：创造更多值得回忆的时光。
"I don't miss an opportunity to build nostalgic-to-be memories," he says. "We call this anticipatory nostalgia and have even started a line of relevant research."
“我不愿意错过任何机会，以制造值得怀旧的记忆。”他说，“我们管这个叫可预期的怀旧，我们甚至已经开始这个相关研究了。”
Another strategy is to draw on his "nostalgic repository" when he needs a psychological lift or some extra motivation. At such moments, he tries to focus on the memories and savor them without comparing them with anything else.
斯蒂基特博士从研究中还得到了另一个启发。当他需要让自己快乐起来，或者需要一些心理激励时，他便从其“怀旧储备”中汲取能量。在这样的时刻里，他会试着让自己专注于回忆，细细品尝往事，而不去将它们与其他事情做对比。
"Many other people," he explains, "have defined nostalgia as comparing the past with the present and saying, implicitly, that the past was better — ‘Those were the days.' But that may not be the best way for most people to nostalgize. The comparison will not benefit, say, the elderly in a nursing home who don't see their future as bright. But if they focus on the past in an existential way — ‘What has my life meant?' — then they can potentially benefit."
“许多其他人，”他解释道，“将怀旧定义为用往事与现状对比，然后自我暗示地认为过去的生活更美好，感叹着‘那些年'。”但对于大多数人而言，这都不是最好的怀旧方法。比如当老年人在养老院里对比现状与过往，这并无法让他们觉得未来无限美好。但如果他们将往事看成一种人生存在的方式，思考‘我的生活意味着什么?'，他们则可能从怀旧中获益。
This comparison-free nostalgizing is being taught to first-year college students as part of a study testing its value for people in difficult situations. Other experiments are using the same technique in people in nursing homes, women recovering from cancer surgery, and prison inmates.
这种不做对比的怀旧已经作为研究的一部分，用于一年级本科生，以测试人们在不同情况下时怀旧的作用。其他实验则采用相同的方法，用以测试养老院中的老人、刚从癌症手术中恢复的妇女与监狱的囚犯。
Is there anyone who shouldn't be indulging in nostalgia? People who are leery of intimate relationships — "avoidant," in psychological jargon — seem to reap relatively small benefits from nostalgia compared with people who crave closeness. And there are undoubtedly neurotics who overdo it. But for most others, Dr. Sedikides recommends regular exercises.
有没有完全无法陷入怀旧的人呢?有的，相比起渴望亲近的人，那些对亲密关系持怀疑态度的人便在怀旧中收获较少，他们在心理学术语中被称为“回避型人格”。当然也有神经病患者会过分沉浸于怀旧之中。然而对大部分人而言，斯蒂基特博士建议我们可以对此做有规律的练习。
"If you're not neurotic or avoidant, I think you'll benefit by nostalgizing two or maybe three times a week," he says. "Experience it as a prized possession. When Humphrey Bogart says, ‘We'll always have Paris,' that's nostalgia for you. We have it, and nobody can take it away from us. It's our diamond."
如果你没有神经机能病，也没有回避型人格，我觉得如果你一周怀旧两到三次，会对你有帮助。”他说：“将怀旧的体验作为一种珍贵的经历，亨弗莱·鲍嘉(Humphrey Bogart)说：‘我们会永远拥有巴黎'(电影《卡萨布兰卡》的经典台词——译注)时，怀旧便是我们的‘巴黎'。我们拥有这些记忆，没有人能将它们夺去。这是我们的无价之宝。”
看过身心健康英语作文的人还看了：
1.关于保持健康的英语作文100词
2.健康生活英语作文100字
3.保持身体健康英文作文
4.保持健康的英语手抄报100词
5.关于如何保持心理健康的英语作文
