英语疑问句语法解析
关于疑问句在英语中的语法知识点，我们主要看看哪些是比较常见的。下面是本站小编给大家整理的英语疑问句语法解析，供大家参阅!
用yes或no来回答的疑问句，一般疑问句用升调。陈述句变为疑问句时分三种情况：
1. 陈述句中有系动词be、助动词be, have / has, do, will, would, shall, should, had或情态动词can, could, may, might, must, dare, need, ought时，将这些系动词、助动词或情态动词移到句首，并在句末加上问号。如：
I'll go to the History Museum this afternoon. — Will you go to the History Museum this afternoon? 今天下午你去了历史博物馆吗?
I visited Beijing last month. — Did you visit Beijing last month? 上个月你参观了北京吗?
在对疑问句进行回答时，须注意：
(1) 当回答could, would所提的问题时，一般用can, will. 如：
—Could you help me with my homework this evening? —Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
—Would you go there right now? —Yes, I will. / No, I won't.
在对方向你表示邀请时，可用OK, sorry等来替代Yes，No.
(2) 在对用may所提问题的否定回答时，一般用mustn't / can't;而在对用 must所提的问题进行否定回答时，一般用needn't / don't have to. 如：
—May I use your bike now? —Yes, you may. / No, you can't. (mustn't)
—Must I stay at school this afternoon? —Yes, you must. / No, you needn't (don't have to).
2. 原陈述中没有系动词be、助动词be, have / has, do, will, would, shall, should had或情态动词can, could, may, might, must, dare, need, ought时，则在句首加助动词Do的适当形式，同时，将谓语动词变为原形动词。如：
We speak Chinese. — Do you speak Chinese? 你讲汉语吗?
I went shopping yesterday. —Did you go shopping yesterday? 昨天你去买东西了吗?
3. 原陈述句中，若谓语动词是have / has, 则须考虑have / has的意义。如果have / has是“有”的意义时，变为疑问句时，既可在句首加Do的适当形式，也可将have / has,提到句首。如：
He has a beautiful pen. —Has he a beautiful pen? / does he have a beautiful pen? 他有一只漂亮的钢笔吗?
但若have / has,的意思不是“有”时，变为疑问句时，则必须在句手加Do的适当形式。如
I have lunch at home. —Do you have lunch at home? 你在家吃中饭吗?
We had a meeting last night. —Did you have a meeting last night? 昨天晚上你开会了吗?
(4) 原陈述句中有情态动词used to时，它的一般疑问句，可将used移到句首;也可在句首加Did 。如(from )：
I used to go swimming in the river. —Did you use to go swimming in the river? / Used you to go swimming in the river? 你过去常常去那条河里游泳吗?
(5) 当心need, dare两个动词。这两个动词既可以做情态动词又可以做行为动词。做情态动词时，直接将它们移到句首。此时，若用need的问句，肯定回答时用must，否定回答时，用needn't。若作行为动词，则用Do的适当的形式提问。如：
—Need I come here tomorrow?—Yes, you must. / No, you needn't.
—I need to go to school now. —Do you need to go to school now?
—Dare you tell your father about it?
—Do you dare to go out at night?
英语疑问句语法解析：which, what与who的用法有何区别1. which 和 what 均可与名词连用，表示对人或物提出疑问(但 who 不能这样用)。一般说来，当选择范围较小或比较明确时，用which; 当选择范围较或不明确时用what。如：
Which is bigger, the sun or the earth? 太阳和地球哪个大?
What writers do you like? 你喜欢哪些作家?
注意，以上区别只是一般原则，并不绝对。如也可说：
Which writers do you like? 你喜欢哪些作家?
Which [What] will it be—tea or coffee? 这会是什么──茶还是咖啡?
2. which, what, who 均可用作代词(即其后不跟名词)。关于 which 和 what的和法区别跟上面的分析相似。这里只谈谈 who 的用法：who 一般只用来指人，不管选择范围大还是小，明确还是不明确均可用(当选择范围比较明确且用作宾语时 who 也可用或 which 或 which one 代之)。如：
Who won—Tom or Mike? 谁赢了─汤姆还是迈克?
Who is your favourite poet? 你最喜欢的诗人是谁?
Who [Which, Which one] do you like best—your father or your mother?你更喜欢谁──父亲还母亲?
3. 正由于 what 和 who 的选择范围可以很大或不明确，所以其后可以跟else，但一般不跟表示特定范围的 of 短语;which 的选择范围相对比较小或明确，所以其后一般不接else，但却常 of 与短语连用。如：
Who [What] else did you see there? 你在那儿还看到了别人的什么人什么东西?
Which of the three girls is the oldest? 这三个女孩中哪个年纪最大?
不过，以上说的也是一般情况，有时也有例外，如有时也说：
Who of you three first thought of this? 你们三人中谁最先想到这一点?
英语疑问句语法解析：介词与疑问词搭配的几种类型1、当提问使用含有动词+介词小品词的wh-疑问句时，通常把介词小品词放在句末：
Who(m) are you going with? 你同谁一起走?
What are you looking at? 你在看什么?
Where did you get that suit from? 你从哪儿买到那套衣服的?
How on earth can I get these shoes on? 我到底怎样才能把这双鞋子穿上呢?
2、在非常正式的英语里，介词可以放在疑问词之前：
To whom should I apply for more information? 我应该向谁询问更多的情况?
In which hall will the recital be given? 独唱会在哪个厅里举行呢?
3、在简略疑问句里介词跟在疑问词后面：
We're off on holiday tomorrow. 一Where to? 我们明天动身去度假。——到哪儿去?
Will you beat these eggs for me? 一What with? 你替我搅拌这些鸡蛋好吗?——用什么搅拌?
I want to leave this parcel. 一Who for? 我想把这个包裹留下。——留给谁?
英语疑问句语法解析：反意疑问句的概念与结构一、反意疑问句的基本概念
表示问话人有一定看法，但不是完全肯定，需要对方证实;有时说话人还会用反意疑问句来加强陈述句的语气，并不要求对方回答。反意疑问句前面的陈述句部分用逗号和降调，疑问部分用问号，表示疑问时用升调，用来加强语气时用降调。
He is a student, isn't he? 他是学生，是不是?(表示疑问，用升调)
The play is interesting, isn't it? 这部戏很有趣，不是吗?(加强语气，用降调)
二、反意疑问句的基本结构
反意疑问句由两部分组成，前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个省略的疑问句。如果陈述句是肯定的，反意疑问句用否定;如果陈述句是否定的，反意疑问句用肯定的。反意疑问句通常由两个词组成，第一个词是be、情态动词或助动词，若是否定式，not通常要用简略形式;第二个词是人称代词主格(与陈述句的主语相同) 。如：
Kate and Joan can swim, can't they? 凯特和琼会游泳，是不是?
Tom won't come, will he? 汤姆不会来，对吗?
三、反意疑问句的回答
要用yes或no回答，回答的内容是肯定的就用yes，回答的内容是否定的就用no，这与汉语不完全相同，同学们要特别注意。如：
—You will never forget him, will you? 你永远不会忘记他，是吗?
—Yes, I will. 不，我会忘记。
—No, I won't. 是的，我不会忘记他。
英语疑问句语法解析：反意疑问句的回答方法1. 肯定反意疑问句的回答
当陈述部分为否定式，反意疑问句为肯定式时，其回答往往与汉语不一致，需特别引起注意：
"It isn't cheap, is it?" "Yes, it is." “它不便宜吧?”“不，很便宜。”
"He doesn't love her, does he?" "No, he doesn't."“他不爱她，是吗?”“是的，他不爱她。”
2. 否定反意疑问句的回答
当陈述部分为肯定式，反意疑问句为否定式时，其回答一般不会造成困难，一般只需照情况回答即可：
"It's new, isn't it?" "Yes, it is." “是新的，对吗?”“对，是新的。”
"He wants to go, doesn't he?" "No, he doesn't." “他想去，对吗?”“不，他不想去。”
3. 回答反意疑问句的原则
回答反意疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定，如有人问你You are asleep, aren't you? 你应回答No, I'm not. 因为既然你能回答，肯定你还没有asleep。但如果别人问你 You aren't asleep, are you?(你还没有睡着，对吗)，你也只能回答No, I'm not.(是的，还没有睡着)，而不能回答为Yes, I'm not. 也不能回答成 Yes, I am.
英语疑问句语法解析：反义疑问句的回答及特殊情况对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构，反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时，回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。
例：—He likes playing football, doesn't he? 他喜欢踢足球，是吗?
—Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. 是的。/ 不是。
—His sister didn't attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗?
—Yes, she did. / No, she didn't. 不，她参加了。/ 是的，她没参加。
简要总结反意疑问句19条：
1) 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?
2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。
What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?
14)陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：
a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。
Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you / won't you ?
注意： Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?
18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?
19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
英语疑问句语法解析：反意疑问句的三种基本结构结构一：肯定的陈述句 + 否定的简短问句?
It's Monday today, isn't it? 今天星期一，是吗?
He often goes to school by bike, doesn't he? 他常常骑自行车上学，对吗?
They went to the park yesterday, didn't they? 他们昨天去的公园，是吗?
用法说明：前面陈述部分是肯定形式，后面简短问句用否定形式。简短问句的主谓部分通常由陈述部分的主谓语来决定，即人称一致、时态一致。
对于反意疑问句的回答，总的一个原则是：不管问题的提法如何，只要事实上是肯定的，就用 yes 回答，事实上是否定的，就用 no回答。但当陈述部分是否定句时，回答译成汉语时不一样。这与汉语截然不同，应特别注意。如：
—You don't want to go out, do you? 你不想出去，对吧?
—Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 不，我想出去。/ 对，我不想出去。
结构二：否定的陈述句 + 肯定定的简短问句?
That isn't your book, is it? 那不是你的书，是吗?
Jim doesn't speak French, does he? 吉姆不会说法语，对吗?
用法说明：当陈述部分有 hardly, seldom, few, little, no, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere 等否定词时，疑问部分要用肯定形式。如：
He never said she would come, did he? 他从来没说她会来，是吗?
Nobody can answer the question, can they? 没有人能回答这个问题，是吗?
Few people know about it, do they? 几乎没有人知道有关这件事情，是吗?
You have never seen the film, have you? 你从来没看过这部电影，是吗?
Neither you nor I can work it out, can we? 你我都不能算出它，对吗?
结构三：祈使句 + 简短问句?
Stop talking, will you? 停止讲话，好吗?
Pass me the pen, will you / won't you? 把这支钢笔传给我，好吗?
Don't be late again, will you? 不要再迟到了，行吗?
Let us help you, will you? 让我们帮助你，好吗?
Let's have a rest, shall we? 咱们休息一会儿，行吗?
用法说明：
1. 祈使句的反意疑问句，若前面是否定结构，则附加问句只能用 will you。若前面是肯定结构，附加问句用 will you，也可用 won't / would / can / can't you 或 shall we 等，它形式上是反意疑问句，但并不表示正式的疑问句，也不表示反意，而是表示邀请或表示请求。如：
Close all the windows, will you / won't you? 把所有的窗户都关上，好吗?
Don't go to the park by bus, will you? 别乘公共汽车去公园，好吗?
2. let's 用于提出建议并包括对方时，其附加问句用 shall we。let us 表示征求对方许可，其附加问句用 will you。let + 第三人称时，其附加问句用 will you。这种反意疑问句往往用来表示进一步征求对方的意见，使口气变得客气、委婉一些。如：
Let's go to see the pandas, shall we? 咱们首先去看熊猫，好吗?
Let us wait until 5:00, will you? 让我们等到5点，好吗?
英语疑问句语法解析：包含情态动词的反意疑问句1. 基本原则
在通常情况下，当陈述部分含有情态动词时，反意疑问句会重复前面同样的情态动词：
The boy can read and write, can't he? 这男孩会读写，是吗?
We shouldn't help him, should we? 我们不应该帮助他，对吗?
You couldn't lend me any money, could you? 你不会借钱给我，对吗?
2. 当陈述部分含有must时
要分两种情况：
(1) 若must表示“必须”或“有必要”，反意疑问句用 mustn't 或needn't：
You must leave at once, mustn't [needn't] you? 他必须(有必要)马上离开，是吗?
但是若陈述部分有mustn't表示禁止，反意疑问句要must：
You mustn't laugh, must you? 你不准笑，知道吗?
(2) 若must表示推测，反意疑问句不能用must，而应根据must后的动词结构采用相应的动词形式：
He must be tired, isn't he? 他一定累了，是吗?
He must have read it, hasn't [didn't] he? 他一定读过它，是吗?
He must have left yesterday, didn't he? 他昨天一定走了，是吗?
【注】当陈述部分为“must+完成式”时，反意疑问句可用have (has)，也可用did。但若句中出现了过去时间状语，则通常用did。(如上例所示)
3. 当陈述部分含有 may 时
反意疑问句根据情况可用mayn't, mightn't, won't等：
I may leave now, mayn't I? 我可以走了，行吗?
He may be here next week, mightn't [won't] he? 他下星期可能来这里，是吗?
4. 当陈述部分含有needn't时
反意疑问句通常用need，有时也用must：
We needn't tell him, need [must] we? 我们不必告诉他，对吗?
5. 当陈述部分含有ought to时
反意疑问句在英国英语中用ought to，在美国英语中用should：
We ought to leave early, oughtn't [shouldn't] we? 我们应该早点动身，对不对?
英语疑问句语法解析：反意疑问句1) 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?
2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。
What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?
14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：
a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。
Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you / won't you ?
注意： Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?
18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?
19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
20) must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。
He must be there now, isn't he?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?
快速记忆表
陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分
I aren't I
Wish may +主语
no,nothing,nobody,never,
few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含义
rarely, little等否定
含义的词
ought to(肯定的) shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语
have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主语(didn't +主语)
used to didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语
had better + v. hadn't you
would rather + v. wouldn't +主语
you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主语
must 根据实际情况而定
感叹句中 be +主语
Neither…nor,
either…or 连接的根 据其实际逻辑意义而定
并列主语
指示代词或不定代词
everything,that, 主语用it
nothing,this
并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句的
主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定
think,believe,expect,
suppose,imagine等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句
everybody,anyone,
somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数he
情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语
dare, need 为实义动词 do +主语
省去主语的祈使句 will you?
Let's 开头的祈使句 Shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you?
there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词)
否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式
must表"推测" 根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句
